CASES-99
(Cooperative Atmosphere-Surface Exchange Study - 1999)

Updated Monday, May 22, 2002

Dave Fritts and Greg Poulos, CoRA dave@co-ra.com , 303-415-9701 x205, gsp@co-ra.com , x201

Bill Blumen, University of Colorado, Boulder

   Description: The concept of CASES-99 was borne out of a scientific interest in stable atmospheric conditions. The stable atmosphere, due to its generally weak or intermittent turbulence (`bursting'), is the source of a number of outstanding problems in atmospheric science, agricultural meteorology, and signal propagation, among others. As such, CASES-99 focussed it's Intense Observing Periods during the clear sky, light near-surface wind, nocturnal boundary layer (NBL) conditions, which are conducive to stable (Ri > 0.25) and very stable conditions (Ri > 1.0). There are also significant components that will study the transition periods (from daytime, unstable to nighttime, stable conditions and vice-versa).
    The experimental period was from October 1-31, 1999 near Leon, Kansas (50 km) east of Wichita, Kansas with a 3 day intercomparison and instrument testing period from September 27-30. This area was chosen for CASES-99 due to its relative lack of obstacles, relatively flat terrain (average slopes are 0.5 degrees), and reasonable access to power and phone lines. A large number of instruments will be deployed in a an area  4.8 x 3.2 km, to capture stable NBL heterogeneity, with some outlying instrumentation. These instruments include a heavily instrumented 60 m tower, numerous 10 m towers (many with flux measurements), multiple radars, lidars, scintillometers, tethersondes, rawinsondes and research aircraft. See the experimental design for details.
    CASES-99 was a very successful experiment and essentially all of our scientific goals can be addressed with the data taken. The data is stored for public use (no password protection) in the CASES-99 Data Archive . The Archive contains quality-controlled data complete with timestamps in UTC and descriptions of the data therein, listed by data platform.
        Data Archive    (publically available data archive)
Field Catalog    (field information on IOP's from the CASES-99 field experiment)

RECENT INFORMATION

  1. Dr. Bill Blumen, who initiated and co-coordinated CASES-99 passed away in late April, 2002 at the age of 70. A great scientist, friend and standard bearer has been lost to our community. A necrology will be published in the Bulletin soon and the 2nd CASES-99 Special Issue will be dedicated to Bill.
  2. 3rd CASES-99 Workshop: The next workshop is tentatively scheduled for Fall, 2002 at the University of Connecticutt. It is expected to last 2.5 days and details will be forthcoming.
  3. Manuscripts: Please submit your papers in Postscript  or PDF format to me via email at gsp@co-ra.com, for posting and tracking here on this website (see links below, for example).
  4. JAS Special Issue: The is a second CASES-99 Special Issue currently accepting papers in the Journal of Atmospheric Sciences. Papers are due by June, 2002 and will go through the normal review process via Chin-Hoh Moeng at NCAR (JAS editor). Please contact gsp@co-ra.com for further information.
  5. BLM Special Issue #1: This special issue is in press and expected to come out in the Fall of 2002.
  6. CASES-99 Summary paper was published in BAMS in April, 2002 (see reference below).
This material is based in part upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. 0002093. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation.
        CASES-99 peer-reviewed and conference papers
        (submitted or accepted form, email papers to gsp@co-ra.com for listing here)
      1. Blumen et al., 2001: Turbulent statistics of a Kelvin-Helmholtz billow event observed in the nighttime boundary layer during the CASES-99 field program. Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans, 625, 1-16.  PDF         Postscript
      2. Burns, S., J. Sun, A.C. Delany, T.W.Horst, and S.P. Oncley, 2002: Radiative flux divergence during CASES-99. J. Atmos. Oceanic. Tech. (submitted).
      3. Eichinger, W.E., H.L. Eichinger, Cooper, D.I., J. Krieger, and E. Carlson, 2002:  Lidar Observations of High Altitude Activity Associated with Intermittent Turbulence in a Stable Atmosphere. Bound. Layer Meteor. (submitted).
      4. Hartogensis, O.K., De Bruin, H.A.R. and Van De Wiel, B.J.H.: 2002 Displaced-Beam Small Aperture Scintillometer test Part II: CASES-99 stable boundary layer experiment,. Boundary-Layer Meteorol., In Press
      5. Huynh, Giap D. and S. S. Chang, 2001: Analysis of Sonic Anemometer Data from the CASES-99 Field Experiment. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD. July.
      6. Mahrt, L., D. Vickers, R. Nakamura, M. R. Soler, J. Sun, S. Burns and D. Lenschow, 2002: Shallow drainage flows. Bound. Layer Meteor. (to appear)
      7. Muschinski, A., R. G. Frehlich, M. L. Jensen, R. M. Worthington and B. B. Balsley, 2002: Energy-dissipation rates, temperature structure parameters, and overturning length scales in the lower nighttime troposphere. Geophys. Res. Lett. (to appear).
      8. Newsom, R. and R. M. Banta, 2001: Shear-instability gravity waves in the stable nocturnal boundary layer as observed by Doppler lidar during CASES-99. J. Atmos. Sci. (to appear).
      9. Poulos, G. S., W. Blumen, D. C. Fritts, J. K. Lundquist, J. Sun, S. P. Burns, C. Nappo, R. Banta, R. Newsom, J. Cuxart, E. Terradellas, B. Balsley and M. Jensen, 2002: CASES-99: A Comprehensive Investigation of the Stable Nocturnal Boundary Layer, Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 83, 555-581.  Text: PDF          Postscript Figures:  PDF       Postscript
      10. Sun, J., S. P. Burns, D. H. Lenschow, R. Banta, R. Newsom, R. Coulter, S. Frasier, T. Ince, C. Nappo,  J. Cuxart, W. Blumen, X. Lee, and X.-Z. Hu,2002: Intermittent turbulence associated with a density current Passage in the stable boundary layer. Bound.-Layer Meteorol. (to
        appear).
      11. Sun, J.,  S. P. Burns, A. Delany, T. Horst, S. Oncley, D. H. Lenschow, 2002: Heat Balance in Nocturnal Boundary Layers. J. Appl. Meteor., (submitted).
      12. Sun, J.,Donald H. Lenschow, S.P. Burns, R.M.Banta, R.K.Newsom, R. Coulter, S. Frasier, T. Ince, C. Nappo, B. Balsley, M. Jensen, L. Mahrt, D. Miller and B. Skelly, 2002: Intermittent turbulence in stable boundary layers and the processes that generate it. Bound.-Layer Meteor. (submitted).
      13. Van de Wiel, B. J. H., R. J. Ronda, A. F. Moene, H. A. R. De Bruin, and A. A. M. Holtslag, 2000: Intermittent turbulence and oscillations in the stable boundary layer: a system dynamics approach. Proc. 14th. Symp. on Bound. Layer and Turb. Aspen, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 593-595.
      14. Van de Wiel, B. J. H., R. J. Ronda, A. F. Moene, H. A. R. De Bruin, and A. A. M. Holtslag, 2002: Intermittent turbulence and oscillations in the stable boundary layer over land. Part I: A bulk model. J. Atmos. Sci., 59, 942-958.
      15. Van de Wiel, B. J. H., A. F. Moene, R. J. Ronda, H. A. R. De Bruin, and A. A. M. Holtslag, 2002: Intermittent turbulence and oscillations in the stable boundary layer over land. Part II: A system dynamics approach. J. Atmos. Sci. (accepted).
      16. Vickers,D., and L.Mahrt, 2002: The cospectral gap and turbulent flux calculations. J. Oceanic Atmospheric. Tech. (submitted).

    CASES-99 Special Issue in Boundary Layer Meteorology (~Oct , 2002)

    1. Banta, R. M., R. K. Newsome, J. K. Lundquist, Y. L. Pichugina, R. L. Coulter and L. Mahrt, 2001: Nocturnal low-level jet characteristics over Kansas during CASES-99. Bound. Layer Meteor. (to appear)  PDF
    2. Cuxart, J., G. Morales, E. Terradellas and C. Yague, 2001: Study of coherent structures and estimation of the pressure transport terms for the nocturnal stable boundary layer. Bound. Layer Meteor. (to appear)    Postscript Figures: 'tar' file of all figures 1a   1b   2a   2b 3a   3b   4   5a 5b 6a 6b 7 8
    3. Coulter, R. L. and J. C. Doran, 2001: Spatial and temporal occurrence of intermittent turbulence during CASES-99. Bound. Layer Meteor. (to appear).
    4. Mahrt, L. and D. Vickers, 2001: Contrasting vertical structures of nocturnal boundary layers. Bound. Layer Meteor. (to appear)
    5. Skelly, B. T., D. R. Miller and T. H. Meyer, 2001: Triple hot film anemometer performance in CASES-99 and a comparison to sonic anemometer measurements. Bound. Layer Meteor.  (to appear Oct 2002). PDF
    6. Sun, J., D. H. Lenschow, S. P. Burns, R. Banta, R. Newsom, R. Coulter, S. Frasier, T. Ince, C. Nappo, B. Balsley, M. Jensen, D. Miller, B. Skelly, J. Cuxart, W. Blumen, X. Lee and X.-Z. Hu, 2001: Intermittent turbulence associated with a density current passage in the stable boundary layer. Bound. Layer Meteor. (to appear).
    7. Soler, M. R., C. Infante, P. Buenestado and L. Mahrt, 2001: Observations of nocturnal drainage flow in a shallow gully. Bound. Layer Meteor. (submitted). Text MSWord     Figures PDF


    Conference Papers

    1. Frehlich et al. 2000: Calibration of fine-wire turbulence sensors for the CIRES TLS (tethered lifting system) at CASES-99 (AMS, 14th Symposium on Boundary Layers and Turbulence, 7-11 Aug, Aspen, Colorado).
    2. Sun and Burns 2000: Turbulence intermittency in the stable boundary layer (AMS, 14th Symposium on Boundary Layers and Turbulence, 7-11 Aug, Aspen, Colorado), p. 325.  Link to page with PDF and Postscript files
    3. Muschinski et al. 2000: Turbulence spectra and vertical profiles of energy dissipation rate and temperature structure parameter in thin turbulen layers embedded in a stably stratified environment (AMS, 14th Symposium on Boundary Layers and Turbulence, 7-11 Aug, Aspen, Colorado), p. 332.
    4. Jensen et al. 2000: The TLS (tethered lifting system) used to measure in-situ turbulence during the CASES-99 campaign (AMS, 14th Symposium on Boundary Layers and Turbulence, 7-11 Aug, Aspen, Colorado), p. 349.
    5. Lundquist, 2000: The role of intertial oscillations in the generation of nocturnal LLJs during CASES-99 (AMS, 14th Symposium on Boundary Layers and Turbulence, 7-11 Aug, Aspen, Colorado).
    6. Burns et al. 2000: Radiative flux divergence measurements during CASES-99 (AMS, 14th Symposium on Boundary Layers and Turbulence, 7-11 Aug, Aspen, Colorado), p. 351. Link to page with PDF and Postscript files
    7. Ince et al. 2000: Radar observations of stable boundary layer during CASES-99 (AMS, 14th Symposium on Boundary Layers and Turbulence, 7-11 Aug, Aspen, Colorado), p. 355.
    8. Burns and Sun 2000: Thermocouple temperature measurements from teh CASES-99 main tower (AMS, 14th Symposium on Boundary Layers and Turbulence, 7-11 Aug, Aspen, Colorado), p. 358. Link to page with PDF and Postscript files
    9. Radke et al. 2000: Quantitative infrared imagery of the development of a nocturnal drainage wind during CASES-99 and contrasted with traditional micrometeorological observations (AMS, 14th Symposium on Boundary Layers and Turbulence, 7-11 Aug, Aspen, Colorado).
    10. Newsom et al. 2000: Doppler lidar observations of internal gravity waves, shear instabilities and turbulence during CASES-99 (AMS, 14th Symposium on Boundary Layers and Turbulence, 7-11 Aug, Aspen, Colorado), p. 362.
    11. Nappo et al. 2000: Coherent pressure disturbances during CASES-99 (AMS, 14th Symposium on Boundary Layers and Turbulence, 7-11 Aug, Aspen, Colorado), p. 366.
    12. Banta et al. 2000: Foremation and evolution of the nocturnal LLJ and surface-layer vertical mixing in the SBL during CASES-99 (AMS, 14th Symposium on Boundary Layers and Turbulence, 7-11 Aug, Aspen, Colorado). Wordperfect
    13. Mahrt, 2000: Very stable boundary layers: Are they boundary layers? (AMS, 14th Symposium on Boundary Layers and Turbulence, 7-11 Aug, Aspen, Colorado), p. 585.
    14. Worthington et al. 2000: Combined lidar and in-situ measurements of waves in the stable night-time boundary layer above Kansas (AMS, 14th Symposium on Boundary Layers and Turbulence, 7-11 Aug, Aspen, Colorado), p. 588.
    15. Oosterhuis et al. 2000: Wavelet analysis of thermocouple measurements during CASES-99 (AMS, 14th Symposium on Boundary Layers and Turbulence, 7-11 Aug, Aspen, Colorado), p. 590. Link to page with PDF and Postscript files
    16. van de Wiel et al 2000: Intermittent turbulence and oscillation in the stable boundary layer: A system dynamics approach (AMS, 14th Symposium on Boundary Layers and Turbulence, 7-11 Aug, Aspen, Colorado), p. 593.
    17. Poulos et al 2000: CASES-99 field experiment: An overview (AMS, 14th Symposium on Boundary Layers and Turbulence, 7-11 Aug, Aspen, Colorado), p. 618.
    18. Coulter and Doran 2000: Intermittent turbulence events observed with a sonic anemometer and minisodar during CASES-99 (AMS, 14th Symposium on Boundary Layers and Turbulence, 7-11 Aug, Aspen, Colorado), p. 622.